New age love

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This page considers love songs as works of art. The seven-minute song was pared down to three minutes for the single, which catapulted the band to international fame and helped Morrison become a rock God. Patti Smith altered the song, which became her biggest hit and has rightly been called one of the best songs of all time.

Are you looking for the best love songs to soundtrack you own fairy tale romance? Yet even he wrote love poetry. The music video is also bound to melt your heart, and maybe even make you shed some happy tears. New York: Fawcett, 1991.

New age love

Although modern Western ideas about romantic love owe a certain amount to the classical Greek and Roman past, they were filtered through the very different culture of the European Middle Ages. One can trace the concepts which dominated Western thinking until recently to the mid-12th Century. Before that time, European literature rarely mentions love, and women seldom figure prominently. After that time, within a decade or two, all has changed. Passionate love stories replace epic combat tales and women are exalted to almost god-like status. Simultaneously, the Virgin Mary becomes much more prominent in Catholic devotions, and emotionalism is rampant in religion. The pioneers of this shift in sensibility seem to have been the troubadours, the poets of Provence now Southern France. Provençal is a language related to French, Italian and Spanish, and seems to have facilitated the flow of ideas across the often ill-defined borders of 12th-Century Europe. It has often been speculated that Arabic poetry may have influenced their work by way of Moorish Spain. Although this seems likely, it is difficult to confirm. Once the basic themes are laid down by the troubadours, they are imitated by the French trouvères, the German Minnesingers love poets and others. Thus, even though the disastrous 13th-Century Albigensian crusade put an end of the golden age of the troubadours, many of their ideas and themes persisted in European literature for centuries afterward. This is particularly obvious in this poem where the poet mentions the lady almost offhandedly in the final stanza, although he does claim that he is dying for love of her. The competitive nature of this poem is made clear when the poet hopes it will travel to my Lord of Eblo, a rival troubadour who wrote in the obscure trobar clus style. The second stanza continues with Guiraut bragging that he knows how to tell a true noble from a base man by his wit. He should be able to speak eloquently when necessary and know when to stop. The third stanza says that only nobles willing to engage in duels should get involved in poetry contests with him. True wine great poetry is pleasing only to the great. After all this bragging, the final stanza devoted to his lady seems almost an afterthought. The conventional language of requires that the lover present himself as the feudal inferior of his Lady, whom he serves humbly. The ideal lover keeps his love affair a secret, so the poet cannot name her publicly. In fact, she may be wholly imaginary. Unconsummated love can theoretically lead to death; but the poet darkly hints at a more serious loss: of his ability to write. Bertran de Born: Ges de disnar , from The Dante Troubadours, Nimbus NIM 5002, track 5. Bertran was one of the most famous troubadours, especially renowned for his passionate devotion to combat. Yet even he wrote love poetry. Like much troubadour verse, this poem is a loose collection of images whose connections are somewhat obscure. The introduction, defining what good service is at a proper inn, tells us that he is a connoisseur who knows quality when he sees it; therefore his praise of Lady Lena can be trusted. The standard form which courtly love took involved the admiration of a single man for a married woman. In the second stanza he praises her in traditional terms as noble, but takes time to praise himself as well as the best of poets. Since he has deigned to praise her, she is all the more worthy. Her husband was heir to the throne of Provence, and he anticipates her elevation to the rank of queen. In the last stanza, he describes his love for her in intimate detail and says that he would rather have her than the city of Corrozana. All of this is the rankest flattery, and would not be taken seriously by any of the parties. Raimbaut de Vaqueiras: , from The Dante Troubadours, Nimbus NIM 5002, track 11. This poem is extremely popular because of the light, lilting tune it is set to. The troubadours were composers as well as poets, though they sometimes reused older melodies when they set their lyrics. At first we might look at this poem and feel that at last we have encountered a genuine love poem, filled with heart-felt emotion. But no, the final lines reveal that it is just as artificial as the others. In ancient times May Day was the festival day of Venus, and it continued to be associated with love in the Middle Ages. The usual signs of spring in poetry are leaves on the trees and birds singing. Both are mentioned here, but instead of bringing joy, they only reinforce the loneliness of his beloved. In the second stanza he begs with the lady not to allow the jealous one to succeed in the plot of separating the two of them. Grace is of course an important theological term in Christianity, but in courtly love language it is applied to the willingness of the lady to grant favors usually in the form of love-making to her suitor. We now learn that despite their intense relationship, they have not yet actually made love and neither, the poet reassures himself, has she taken any other lovers. Whoever does not love this lady leads a worthless life. Note the insistent repetition of terms relating to her nobility. In this class-bound society, beauty, virtue, and nobility were supposed to go hand-in-hand, though it was widely acknowledged that sometimes they did not. Alas, the poem is yet another set piece written to please a patron and not the outpourings of a romantic soul in love. Up to this point all of our poets have been Provençal. This is a pastourelle, a common poetic form which makes different use of the class structure of Medieval society than the poems we have read earlier. The theme of these poems is that knights can find attractive lovers among the common people, especially shepherdesses. The courtship is depicted as much more crude and rapid than the elegant and prolonged maneuverings required for a courtly affair. Today pastourelles would be considered little more than poems of sexual harassment, and this one ends in what is essentially a rape. Part of the appeal of such poems for noble male audiences was the thrill of the forbidden: crossing class boundaries, slumming. Like most love poetry it is set in spring, beneath the flowering trees. Just as in ancient pastoral poetry there is a conventional set of names by which the rustic characters are identified, so Ermenjon is recognizably a peasant name. She is addressed not as Lady, for only noblewomen qualified as ladies. She has been raised well enough to know that she should have nothing to do with her social superiors and tries to escape his unwanted attentions to reminding him of his status and hers. But he claims to have broader views. His praise of her sense intelligence is insincere, since they have obviously never spoken before this moment. Like many pastourelle heroines, Ermenjon already has a shepherd-lover, this one named Perrin another typical peasant name. She makes clear her rejection of him by saying her body cannot be bought even for all the rich goods displayed in the great market at the city of Limoges. The response of the knight is then to rape her. Fulfilling standard male fantasies of the time, she is much pleased and glad that he ignored her resistance. What is surprising is that in about half the pastourelles the young woman succeeds in rebuffing her noble suitor and sending him on his way. In such poems she is clearly the smarter of the two, and the more virtuous. The existence of both traditions side by side should keep up us from over-generalizing about Medieval attitudes. In order to balance things a bit, you will find in your class packet an example of such a pastourelle. How does the shepherdess answer him? Note that although he begins by praising the young woman, he ends by cursing her. This hostility lurks not too far beneath the surface of many love poems in which the man professes himself to be the slavish servant of his beloved. Her final reply is rather obscure, but it seems to say he will get as much pleasure out of her as a hungry man gets out of painted food, and he can hope for as much cooperation from her as someone who expects to be miraculously fed by God, like the ancient Hebrews wandering in the wilderness of Sinai. Anonymous Italian: Lamento di Tristano, from Medieval Songs and Dances, track 1. After Lancelot and Guinevere, the most famous fictional lovers of the Middle Ages were Tristan and Iseult, another adulterous pair who were often separated. One episode from their story is told by Marie de France in the lai of Chevrefoil. Tristan is portrayed as an outstanding musician, and is imagined here as having composed this lament during one of these separations. Although the story is set in Cornwall, its most famous retellings were Continental, and it is not at all surprising to find this title turning up in 14th-Century Italy. Guillaume de Machaut: Foy porter Besides being a famous poet, Machaut was one of the greatest composers of the 14th Century. Working in Paris, he was at the heart of the development of polyphony. This first song, however, is monophonic, a love song with typically intricate rhyming. It was believed that gemstones could be used to heal various sufferings. Only the lady can heal his suffering. How does the poet claim loving the lady has made him a better person? Refrain: Foy porter, honneur garder I want to stay faithful, guard your honor, Et pais querir, oubeir Seek peace, obey Doubter, servir, et honnourer Fear, serve and honor you, Vous vueil jusques au morir Until death, Dame sans per. Quant vo douceur adoucir vuet mon amer: Therefore I want to praise Dont loer et aourer and adore and fear you, Et vous cremier, tout souffrir, suffer everything, Tout conjoir, Tout endurer experience everything, endure everything Vueil plus que je ne desir Guerredonner. I want to stay faithful. Vous estes le vray saphir You are the true sapphire Qui puet tous mes maus garir et terminer. Vo parler, vo regarder, Your speech, your looks, Vo maintenir, font fuir et enhair et despiter Your bearing, make one flee and hate and detest Tout vice et tout bien cherir et desirer all vice and cherish and desire all that is good. I want to stay faithful. The multitextual motets of the 14th Century seem very strange to modern ears, but in that time it made sense to create polyphony by layering one verse of a monophonic song on top of another to produce harmony. Here there are three voices. The Tenor is repeated over and over while the other verses are sung. The whole idea of courtly love was for the lover to present himself as a loyal servant to his lady. If he obeyed her every wish and loyally kept secret their connection, after a long period of trial she might legitimately take pity on him and console him with love-making. However, if she postponed this healing consolation too long, he might die; and poets often used the threat of such a death to exert pressure on the ladies to whom they were supposedly utterly submissive. Note how in the Motetus the poet says that all his good qualities come from loving her. How does the Triplum present the poet as a martyr? I have thus given my heart. Paul Brians Douce dame jolie A virelai is a lively dance form. Although the text of this poem reads as dolefully as the other Machaut pieces, its delightfully lilting music belies its text. Note again the tight and intricate rhyming of the original. Again the opening image is the feudal domination the lady exerts over her beloved. New York: Bulfinch Press, 1990. In this poem from La Vita Nuova, he fancifully imagines that they might escape in a magic ship on an endless voyage of love. In the Divine Comedy Dante later imagined meeting her in an altogether more serious way when he described her guiding him through Heaven. According to his own account, they never consummated the relationship. It consisted entirely of his adoring her from afar and—most important—writing poetry about her. What effect does knowing this background have on your interpretation of the poem? From Wendy Mulford, ed. New York: Fawcett, 1991. La Comtesse de Dia: I Must Sing of That There were few women troubadours some twenty are known , but the most famous of them was the Countess of Dia. We know little about her life, but this song is the only female troubadour song to survive with music intact. Like much male troubadour poetry, this is a lament of unrequited love. Deceived and betrayed suggests that he has been unfaithful to her. Seguin and Valensa were the lovers in a now-lost romance. Like many other troubadour songs, it ends with a threat, this one rather veiled. Often the woman is married, but that does not seem to be the case here. What evidence is there, at least, that this couple is not married to each other? Christine de Pisan: A Sweet Thing Is Marriage Christine de Pisan or Pizan , born in Venice to the chief physician of Charles V of France, was married at fifteen and widowed at twenty-five. She wrote extensively defending women and arguing for their intelligence and abilities. Her poetry consists of posthumous tributes to her dead husband. What qualities did she especially admire in her husband? His speech to her implies that his love for her is making him better: a common courtly love idea. Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz: From A Satirical Romance This Mexican nun actually belongs with the Renaissance writers, but her language is typically Medieval. What unusual image does she use to express the flowing of her love to her jealous lover? New York: Bulfinch Press, 1990. The last stanza implies that if he would be wholehearted in his love for her, she could be equally wholehearted in loving him.

The song solo in the top 20 of the pop chart, but it soon became a slow dance fixture at high school proms. Up to this point all of our poets have been Provençal. But no, the final lines reveal that it is just as artificial as the others. Part of the ring of such poems for aged love song male audiences was the thrill of the forbidden: crossing class boundaries, slumming. Retrieved 12 January 2014. Typed by john manfreda. New York: Bulfinch Press, 1990. She died in a plane crash two years after making it immortal. Her idea was heir to the throne of Provence, and he anticipates her elevation to the rank of queen. Tristan is portrayed as an outstanding musician, and is imagined here as having composed this lament during one of these separations. While it seems the song was destined to be sincere from the get-go, it works wonderfully well on all levels. The song was co-produced by Richard Rudolph and Stevie Wonder.